Improvement in top rolls for spinning-machines



UNITED STATEs PATENT QEEIGE.

EDWARD oARD, OF PAWTUGKET, ASSIGNOR To HIMSELF, IsAAo LINDSLEY, ANDBRADFORD EoRDEN, 0E s ME PLACE, AND sooRATEs SOHOLFIELD,

. OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN TOP ROLLS FOR SPINNING-MACHINES, &c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 164,716, dated June 22,1875 application filed May 11, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD CARD, of Pawtucket, in the county ofProvidence and State of Rhode Island, have invented an I111- provementin Top-Rolls, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of my invention consists in the employment of the outer barkof the whitebirch tree, as a material for covering the top rolls ofspinning frames, mules, railway-heads, Ste. 1

Various attempts have been heretofore made to discover some materialpossessing in a greater degree than leather the qualities necessary fora covering for rolls, but thus far the leather roll has been given thepreference in practice. I have, however, by experimental test,discovered that the outer bark of the white birch is most eminentlysuited for this purpose, and forms a roll covering in every respect farsuperior to leather or other material heretofore experimented upon.

Figure l is a longitudinal view of the covered roll. Fig. 2 is an endview of the same. Fig. 3 is a View of a piece of the bark out withdovetail edges preparatory to being formed into a tube of the properdiameter for covering the roll, as shown in Fig. 4.

AA is the roll, which is first covered with a layer of cloth, B, asusual, and the piece of white-birch bark O, after being cut out withdovetailed edges, as shown in Fig. 3,by means of a die, or otherwise, isto be joined and cemented so as to form a tube, D, of the properdimensions, which is then to be passed loosely over the cloth B, andshrunk tight upon the cloth around the roll, by means of the applicationof heat, either in an oven or by means of a bath of steam or hot water.One of the most valuable properties of this material for purpose of aroll-covering is the property of shrinking upon the application of heatwithout again expanding at a lower temperature. The extent of thisshrinkage is about six per cent. After theicovering has been shrunktightly upon the roll it is to be turned off in a lathe, so as topresent a perfectly true and uniform surface. The bark may be softenedfor working, by soaking it in kerosene or in oil.

The white-birch bark has many decided advantages over leather as aroll-covering. It will last in use for a number of years, whereas theleather must be renewed about once in three months. Oil upon theleathercovered rolls destroys their efliciency by causing the fibers ofthe roping to adhere to them, whereas oil does notinj uriously aifectthe barkcovered roll. If the leather of theroll-covering is soft, thelower rolls will crease it-.so that the fibers of the roping willadhere. The bark, being of a 'firmer nature and more elastic, does notallow the formation of these creases. The surface of the leathersometimes peels off, and thus destroys its efficiency. The bark is notsubject to this difficulty. The leather cannot be made to hug a rolltightly after being run for a short time. The bark continues tight inuse. the atmosphere, causing it to shrink and swell. The bark is not soaffected. The bark when first worked shrinks by heating aboutonesixteenth of an inch to an inch. The prepared covers may, therefore,be put upon the rolls loosely with the fingers, whereas the leathercovers must be drawn on by means of machinery. The bark may be shrunkupon the roll, and placed in a lathe and turned off perfectly true,whereas the leather ones can only be sandpapered, and if out of truemust remain so." The bark is also cheaper than leather.

I claim as my invention A top roll covered with the outer bark of thewhite birch, as a new article of manufacture.

EDWARD CARD.

Witnesses:

S. SoHoLErELD, C. E. BAKER.

The leather is affected by the state of

